System and method of desalinating seawater

ABSTRACT

Saline water from a body of water is desalinated using a water purification system. Chambers of a plurality of tanks are filled with a volume of saline water. The saline water is heated to increase a pressure and produce water vapor within the chamber of each tank. A condensation valve disposed within a condensing tube is moved to an open position such that the water vapor is released into a respective condensing tube. The water vapor is condensed to provide potable water.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to a method and system of desalinatingsaline water.

BACKGROUND

Desalination refers to any of several processes that remove some amountof salt and other minerals from saline water. Saline water isdesalinated to produce fresh water suitable for human consumption orirrigation. One potential byproduct of desalination is salt.Desalination is used on many seagoing ships and submarines. Most of themodern interest in desalination is focused on developing cost-effectiveways of providing fresh water for human use. Along with recycledwastewater, this is one of the few rainfall-independent water sources.

SUMMARY

A water purification system is configured to operate in a body of watercontaining saline water. The water purification system includes a firsttank, a subsequent tank, a first condensing tube, a subsequentcondensing tube, and at least one condensation valve. The first tank andthe subsequent tank are configured to be disposed within the body ofwater such that a top portion of each tank is above a water line of thebody of water and a remainder of each tank is submerged beneath thewater line of the body of water. The first tank and the subsequent tankeach define a chamber, an inlet opening, an outlet opening, and a ventopening. The chamber is configured for holding a volume of fluid. Theinlet and outlet openings are near a bottom portion of the tank. Thebottom portion is disposed opposite the top portion. The vent opening isdefined in the top portion of the tank. The first condensing tubefluidly extends between the vent opening of the first tank and the inletopening of the subsequent tank. The first condensing tube is configuredto receive desalinated water vapor from the vent opening of the firsttank and condense the water vapor, creating a vacuum, which drawssalinated water from the first tank to mix with the desalinated waterformed from the vapor. Water, with reduced saline content, is thenprovided to the subsequent tank through the respective inlet opening.The subsequent condensing tube fluidly extends from the vent opening ofthe subsequent tank. The subsequent condensing tube is configured toreceive water vapor from the vent opening of the subsequent tank andcondense the water vapor, providing condensed potable water, as well asa vacuum that again draws water with reduced saline content from thesecond tank. The condensation valve is operatively disposed in each ofthe first and subsequent condensing tubes. The condensation valves areconfigured to move between an open position and a closed position. Thechamber of each of the first and subsequent tanks is configured suchthat a pressure within the respective chamber increases as therespective condensation valve is in the closed position and water vaporwithin the respective chamber increases. The chamber of each of thefirst and subsequent tank is configured such that the pressure withinthe respective chamber decreases as the respective condensation valve isin the open position and the water vapor exits the chamber underpressure and enters the respective condensing tube. Once the vapor exitsthe valve closes allowing the condensing water within the condensingtube to form a vacuum that then draws water from the previous tank viaits outlet valve.

In another aspect of the disclosure, the water purification systemincludes at least one sensor and a controller. The sensor is configuredto be operatively connected to the chamber of each of the tanks Thesensor is configured to sense a value within at least one of thechambers. The controller is operatively connected to the sensor and thecondensation valves. The controller is configured to send a signal tomove the condensation valves to a desired one of the open position andthe closed position. The chamber of each of the first and subsequenttank is configured such that a pressure within the respective chamberincreases as the respective condensation valve is in the closed positionand water vapor within the respective chamber increases. The chamber ofeach of the first and subsequent tank is configured such that thepressure within the respective chamber decreases as the respectivecondensation valve is in the open position such that the water vaporexits the chamber under pressure and enters the respective condensingtube.

In yet another aspect of the disclosure, a method of desalinating salinewater from a body of water is provided. The method includes fillingchambers of a plurality of tanks with a volume of saline water. Thesaline water is heated to increase a pressure and produce water vaporwithin the chamber of each tank. A condensation valve is moved to anopen position such that the water vapor is released into a respectivecondensing tube. The water vapor is condensed to provide potable waterand a vacuum that then draws salinated water from the previous tank andmixes the salinated water with the condensed water vapor. As the watermoves from tank to tank, each subsequent tank sequentially contains lesssaline, with the final tanks eventually containing totally desalinatedpotable water.

The above features and advantages, and other features and advantages, ofthe present invention are readily apparent from the following detaileddescription of some of the best modes and other embodiments for carryingout the invention, as defined in the appended claims, when taken inconnection with the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagrammatic side view of a purification system ina body of water;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagrammatic side view of the purification systemin the body of water;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagrammatic side view of the purification systemin the body of water;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagrammatic side view of the purification systemin the body of water;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagrammatic side view of the purification systemin the body of water;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagrammatic side view of the purification systemin the body of water;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagrammatic plan view of the purification systemwith a plurality of tanks arranged in a circular pattern and having aplurality of reflecting shields surrounding the tanks;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagrammatic side view of the purification systemin the body of water with a reflecting shield surrounding one of thetanks;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagrammatic partial side view of a tank of thepurification system with an evaporating dish disposed within the tank;

FIG. 10 is a schematic top view of the evaporating dish of FIG. 9; and

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagrammatic side view of the purificationsystem.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Referring to the Figures, wherein like numerals indicate like partsthroughout the several views, a purification system 20 is shown at inFIGS. 1-6. The purification system 20 is configured to desalinate salinewater 22 from a body of water 24, so as to provide freshwater 26. Salinewater 22 may include saline water, brackish water or briny water, andthe like. Saline water 22 contains dissolved salts. As such, thepurification system 20 operates to desalinate the saline water 22 intodrinkable freshwater 26, i.e., potable water 26. As such, the salt andany organisms may be removed from the saline water 22 to providefreshwater 26. Potable water 26 is safe enough to be consumed by humansand/or used for non-potable purposes, including, but not limited to,landscape irrigation, toilet flushing, washing, and the like. The bodyof water 24 may be an ocean, lake, lagoon, river, swamp, bayou, and thelike.

The purification system 20 includes a plurality of tanks 28 arranged inserial fluid communication with one another. More specifically, thetanks 28 may be arranged such that a first tank 28 a is in fluidcommunication with a second tank 28 b, and so on, until an nth tank 28 nis reached. The nth tank 28 n is the last tank 28 n. The tanks 28 a, 28b, and 28 n will be generally referred to as 28, unless indicatedotherwise. In one non-limiting example, there are at least 30 tanks 28arranged in serial fluid communication with one another. However, itshould be appreciated that there may be any desired number of tanks 28.By way of a non-limiting example, there may be at least 30 tanks 28. Areservoir 30 is in fluid communication with the nth tank 28. Thereservoir 30 is configured to store the potable water 26. The tank 28may include a spigot 32 or other type of valve that is configured todraw the potable water 26 from the reservoir 30 for consumption or use.

The tanks 28 are at least partially disposed within the body of water 24and the reservoir 30 may be disposed on a surface 34, external to thebody of water 24. By way of a non-limiting example, the reservoir 30 maybe disposed on dry land, adjacent the body of water 24, such that thepotable water 26 is directed from the last tank 28 n to the reservoir 30for consumption. The tanks 28 may be operatively supported by a floor 36of the body of water 24, buoys, and the like. Each tank 28 defines achamber 38 configured for holding a volume of fluid 40. The tanks 28 aredisposed within the body of water 24 such that a top portion 42 of eachtank 28 is above a water line 44 of the body of water 24 and a remainder46 of each tank 28 is submerged beneath the water line 44 of the body ofwater 24. The top portion 42 of each tank 28 is exposed to atmosphereand is made of glass. As such, rays 48 of the sun 50 are absorbed intothe top portion 42 of each tank 28 to heat the fluid within therespective tanks 28 via the greenhouse effect. The fluid containedwithin each tank 28 may be a combination of saline water 22 and air 52.As discussed above, the water may be salinated water 22, potable water26, or combinations thereof. In one non-limiting example, the topportion 42 may be formed from glass and the remainder of the tank 28 maybe formed from steel. It should be appreciated that the tanks 28 may beformed from other materials as well.

With continued reference to FIGS. 1-6, each tank 28 is fluidly connectedto a next subsequent tank 28 via a condensing tube 56. Further, thefirst tank 28 a includes an inlet purge line 58 and an inlet intake line60 that are each in fluid communication with the body of water 24. Theinlet intake line 60 is configured to intake water into the chamber 38of the first tank 28 a, from the body of water 24. A filter 62 and/or adecontamination device 64 may be operatively disposed on the inletintake line 60. The filter 62 is configured to prevent any objects, suchas fish, seaweed, and the like from entering the chamber 38 from thebody of water 24. The decontamination device 64 may be configured tokill any organisms, such as bacteria, parasites, fungus, viruses, andthe like, contained in the incoming saline water 22 to preventcontamination within the chamber 38. Likewise, the inlet purge line 58is configured to exhaust water from the chamber 38 of the first tank 28a, into the body of water 24.

Further, each tank 28 includes an evaporating dish 65 disposed withinthe chamber 38 of the respective tank 28, as shown in FIGS. 1-6, 9, and10. A purge line 54 fluidly extends from the respective evaporating dish65. The purge lines 54 exit the chamber 38 and extend to a purge outlet93. A purge valve 92 is operatively disposed in the purge line 54,between the evaporating dish 65 and the purge outlet 93 such that thesalinated water 22 within the evaporating dish 65 may be selectivelyexhausted into the body of water 24. Likewise, the purge valve 92 isoperatively disposed in the inlet purge line 58, between the evaporatingdish 65 and the body of water 24. In one embodiment, the purge lines 54may be made of flexible tubing 68 such that the evaporating dish 65,attached to the respective purge line 54, floats at or proximate a filllevel 70 of the water within the chamber 38. The level of the waterwithin each chamber 38 may be the demarcation between the water and theair 52 within each chamber 38. As will be explained in more detailbelow, when the salt concentration of the salinated water 22 becomes tooconcentrated, the purge line 54 may be configured to allow the water toflow from the chamber 38, into the body of water 24, to reduce the saltconcentration.

With reference to FIGS. 1-6, 9, and 10, the evaporating dish 65 may havea generally funnel shaped cross-section which presents a diameter thattapers between an upper portion 67 and a lower portion 69. The upperportion 67 is at or near the fill level 70 and the lower portion 69 isbetween the upper portion 67 of the evaporating dish 65 and the bottomportion 66 of the tank 28. The purge line 54 extends from the lowerportion 69 of the evaporating dish 65. A float 73 surrounds the upperportion 67 of the evaporating dish 65 such that the evaporating dish 65floats at or near the fill level 70. A plurality of openings 71 aredefined in the evaporating dish 65, proximate the upper portion 67. Morespecifically, the evaporating dish 65 is configured to receive a portionof the salinated water 22 therein, through the openings. The salinatedwater 22 within the evaporating dish 65 evaporates, increasing thesaline content of the water in the evaporating dish 65. When the salinecontent is sensed to be too great, the purge valve 92 is opened suchthat the highly salinated water 22 is drained/forced from theevaporating dish 65 by the pressure build up of the water vapor 77.

The top portion 42 of each tank 28 defines a vent opening 72. Each tank28 also defines an inlet opening 74 and an outlet opening 82, near abottom portion 66. Each condensing tube 56 extends between the ventopening 72 of the preceding tank 28 a, and the inlet opening 74 of thesubsequent tank 28 b, 28 n. By way of a non-limiting example, FIGS. 1-6illustrate a first condensing tube 56 extending from a vent opening 72,defined in the top portion 42 of the first tank 28 a, and extending tothe inlet opening 74, defined near the bottom portion 66 of the secondtank 28 b. Water vapor 77 may enter a collection section 76 of therespective condensing tube 56 via the vent valve 86. Each condensingtube 56 includes a condensing section 78 that fluidly extends from thecollection section 76. The condensing section 78 may be submerged withinthe body of water 24 to facilitate heat transfer between the water vapor77 from the preceding tank 28 and the body of water 24. The heattransfer will operate to condense the water vapor 77 throughout thecondensing section 78 and provide potable water 26, as well as create avacuum within the condensing tube. The vacuum then draws salinated waterfrom the previous tank, which mixes with the desalinated potable waterto produce salinated water with a reduced salt content, as compared tothe previous tank. The water with reduced saline content 26 flows fromthe condensing tube 56 into the subsequent tank 28, via the subsequentinlet opening 74. The condensing section 78 of the condensing tube 56may be formed as a spiral 80 to increase the surface 34 area of the heattransfer during condensing. With reference to FIG. 11, the condensingtuber 56 may be disposed such that the condensing section 78 may bedisposed beneath the bottom portion 66 of the tanks 28 such that thetanks 28 may be disposed in closer relationship to one another. Thisprovides a more compact arrangement of the tanks 28 to save space in thebody of water 24 as well as provides cooler water for more completecondensation.

Additionally, each tank 28 defines an outlet opening 82 near the bottomportion 66 of the tank 28. Each condensing tube 56 includes a flowsection 84 that fluidly extends between the outlet opening 82 of thepreceding tank 28 a, 28 b and the inlet opening 74 of the subsequenttank 28 b, 28 n. The condensing section 78 fluidly extends between thecollection section 76 and the flow section 84. The inlet opening 74 intothe subsequent tank 28 and the outlet opening 82 from the preceding tank28 are each disposed below the condensing section 78 of the respectivecondensing tube 56, i.e., between the floor 36 of the body of water 24and the condensing section 78. As such, saline water 22 from thepreceding tank 28 may enter the flow section 84 of the condensing tube56 to mix with the condensed water vapor and then flow into thesubsequent tank 28 via the outlet, thereby providing each subsequenttank with water containing less saline.

With continued reference to FIGS. 1-6, in order to control the flow ofwater between the tanks 28 and the reservoir 30, the purification system20 includes a plurality of flow control valves 86, at least one sensor88, and a controller 90. While FIGS. 1-6 illustrate only one sensor 88,it should be appreciated that any desired number of sensors 88 may beused. The flow control valves 86 and the sensor(s) 88 are operativelyconnected to the controller 90. The flow control valves 86 may includepurge valves 92, an intake valve 94, outlet valves 96, intake valves 94,condensation valves 98, sediment valves 100, and a fresh water supplyvalve 101. Each flow control valve 86 is configured to independentlymove between an open position 102 and a closed position 104. The sensor88 may be one sensor 88 or a plurality of sensors 88 that areoperatively connected to the controller 90 and at least one of the tanks28. The sensors 88 are configured to sense a value within each chamber38 including, but not limited to, an air pressure, a fill level 70, asaline level of the water, a temperature, and the like. Each sensor 88is configured to sense at least one value or attribute of thepurification system 20 and provide the value(s) to the controller 90. Aswill be explained in more detail below, the controller 90 is configuredto selectively send one or more signals to move any one of the flowcontrol valves 86 to the desired position, as a function of the sensedvalue. The flow control valves 86, the sensor 88, and/or the controller90 may be electrically powered via solar energy, wind energy, batteryenergy, and the like. The controller 90 and the sensors 88 areillustrated in highly schematic fashion. The controller 90 may performreal-time detection, diagnostic, and calculation functions for thepurification system 20.

The controller 90 may include one or more components with a storagemedium and a suitable amount of programmable memory, which are capableof storing and executing one or more algorithms or methods to effectcontrol of the purification system 20. Each component of the controller90 may include distributed controller 90 architecture. Additionalmodules or processors may be present within the controller 90.

A purge valve 92 is operatively disposed along each of the purge lines54. Each purge valve 92 is configured to move between a closed position104, as illustrated in FIGS. 1-3, 5, and 6, and an open position 102 asillustrated in FIG. 4. In the open position 102, water is permitted toflow from the chamber 38 of the respective tank 28, past the purge valve92, and into the body of water 24, via a purge outlet 93. Likewise, inthe closed position 104, the purge valves 92 prevent water from flowingfrom the chamber 38, through the purge line 54.

An intake valve 94 is operatively disposed at the inlet opening 74 toeach tank 28. The intake valves 94 are configured to move between aclosed position 104, illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4-6, and an openposition 102, illustrated in FIG. 3. In the open position 102, water ispermitted to flow from the body of water 24 and into the first tank 28 aand from the connecting tube 84 of the preceding condensation tube 56.Likewise, in the closed position 104, the intake valves 94 prevent waterfrom flowing into the first tank 28 a, via from the body of water 24,and into subsequent tanks 28 b, 28 n from the connecting tube 84 of thepreceding condensation tube 56.

An outlet valve 96 is operatively disposed at the outlet opening 82 foreach tank 28. The nth tank 28 includes the outlet opening 82 and theoutlet valve 96. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-6, the nth tank 28includes the outlet opening 82 and the outlet valve 96. Each outletvalve 96 is configured to move between a closed position 104,illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4-6, and an open position 102,illustrated in FIG. 3. In the open position 102, water is permitted toflow from the tank 28, through the outlet opening 82, past the outletvalve 96, and into the condensing tube 56. Likewise, in the closedposition 104, the outlet valve 96 prevents water from flowing throughthe outlet opening 82, into the respective condensing tube 56.

A condensation valve 98 is operatively disposed along each of thecondensing tubes 56 such that the condensation valve 98 is disposed ator above the water line 44 of the body of water 24. Each condensationvalve 98 is movable between a closed position 104, illustrated in FIGS.1 and 3-6, and an open position 102, illustrated in FIG. 2. In the openposition 102, vapor 77, under pressure, is permitted to flow from thepreceding tank 28, past the condensation valve 98, into the condensingsection 78. Ultimately, the water flows from the condensing section 78and into the subsequent tank 28. Likewise, in the closed position 104,the condensation valve 98 prevents vapor 77 and/or water from flowingfrom the preceding tank 28 and into the condensing section 78 of thecondensing tube 56, allowing the vapor pressure to build up.

A sediment valve 100 is operatively disposed proximate a bottom of eachtank 28. The sediment valve 100 is configured to move between a closedposition 104, illustrated in FIGS. 1-5, and an open position 102,illustrated in FIG. 6. In the open position 102, saline water andsediment 22 are permitted to flow past the sediment valve 100, into thebody of water 24. This allows any sediment and/or the brine water toexit the tank 28 and the purification system 20. In the closed position104, the sediment valve 100 prevents water from exiting the tank 28 tothe body of water 24.

The operation of the purification system 20 to produce potable water 26will now be explained, with reference to FIGS. 1-6. Upon installation,the purification system 20 may be initialized by opening the intakevalve 94 of the first tank 28 a and inlet and outlet valves 94, 96 foreach tank 28 a, 28 b, 28 n. As such, the saline water 22 flows from thebody of water 24, into the first tank 28 a. The saline water 22continues to flow from the first tank 28 a and into all of the remainingtanks 28 via the condensing tubes 56 and connecting tubes 84. The intakevalve 94 and the inlet and outlet valves 94, 96 remain in the openposition 102 until all of the tanks 28 and portions 42, 66 of thecondensing tubes 56 are initially filled with the saline water 22 fromthe body of water 24. More specifically, each tank 28 and condensingtube 56 is filled with water 22 such that the internal water level ofeach tank 28 and the internal water level of each condensing tube 56 areno higher than the water line 44 of the body of water 24, externalthereto. This allows each tank 28 to contain a combination of water 22and air 52 to allow vaporization of the water 22 within each tank 28 a,28 b, 28 n. Further, it should be appreciated that the purificationsystem 20 is only initialized with seawater, i.e., saline water 22. Asthe purification system 20 operates, the saline level of each subsequenttank 28 b, 28 n is eventually reduced until potable water 26 is achievedin at least the last tank 28 n. If should be appreciated that throughthis serial desalination, the last several tanks 28 may contain potablewater 26.

Referring now to FIG. 1, each tank 28 is illustrated as being filledwith water and each of the flow control valves 86 are in the respectiveclosed position 104. Solar radiation from the sun 50 contacts and heatsthe top portion 42 of each tank 28, via the greenhouse effect, causingthe water in each evaporating dish 65 to become heated. As the water ineach evaporating dish 65 is heated, vapor 77 forms therein. Since all ofthe flow control valves 86 are in the closed position 104, an air/vaporpressure within the chamber 38 of each tank 28 also increases.

The air pressure within each tank 28 continues to increases due to thevaporization of the water 22. Once the air pressure reaches apredetermined threshold, the controller 90 signals the correspondingcondensation valves 98, intake valves 94, and the supply valve 101 tomove to the open position 102, as illustrated in FIG. 2. When thecondensation valve 98 is in the open position 102, the remaining controlvalves 86, 92, 96, 100 remain in the closed position 104. Once thecondensation valves 98, intake valves 94, and supply valve 101 are inthe open position 102, the vapor pressure is released from the chamber38 of the preceding tank 28 a, 28 b, 28 n, where the vapor 77 enters thecollection section 76 of the condensing tube 56. The vapor 77 flows pastthe condensation valve 98 and enters the respective condensing section78. The vapor 77 forces the water in the condensing tube through theinlet of the subsequent tank 74 or out into the reservoir 30. Thecondensation valves 98, intake valves 94, and the supply valve 101 thenquickly close. The vapor 77 condenses inside the condensing section 76to become desalinated potable water 26 and, at the same time, forming avacuum within the condensing section 78.

Referring to FIG. 3, with the condensation valve 98 and intake valve 94closed, the water vapor 77 condenses, forming a vacuum within thecondensing tube 56. The pressure between the tanks 28 is equalized bymoving the outlet valves 96 and the intake valve 94 to the openpositions 102. The purge valves 92 and the exhaust valves 100 remain inthe closed position 104. The vacuum draws the saline water 22 from thebody of water 24, into the first tank 28 a, via the intake valve 94. Thevacuum continues to draw the water through the outlet opening 82 of thefirst tank 28 a, into the condensing tubes 56 where again a vacuum hasbeen created. Each subsequent tank empties water into each subsequentcondensing tube 56 again by the vacuum created in each condensing tube56. The water 22 ultimately backfills the condensing section 78 of thecondensing tubes 56, until the water 22 is stopped by the closedcondensation valve 98 or the pressure is equalized. The saline water 22flows from the body of water 24 until the air pressure within the tanks28 is equalized.

Once the pressure within the tanks 28 is equalized, the intake valve 94and the outlet valves 96 are moved to the closed position 104. Next,with the control valves 86, 92, 94, 96, 98, 100, 101 in the respectiveclosed position 104, the air 52 pressure within each tank 28 continuesto build. The sensor(s) 88 may sense that the air 52 pressure issufficient to open the condensation valve 98 and release the vapor 77from the tanks 28 under pressure, as described above with respect toFIG. 2. Alternatively, the sensor 88 may sense that the saline level ofthe water 22 is above a predetermined threshold. If the saline level issensed to be above the predetermined threshold, the controller 90 maysignal the purge valves 92 to move to the open position 102, asillustrated in FIG. 4. Once the purge valves 92 are in the open position102, at least a portion of the salinated water 22 within the chamber 38is exhausted through the purge line 54, under pressure, into the body ofwater 24. As described above, since the purge line 54 is configured tobe disposed at or near the level of the water 22 within the chamber 38that has the highest concentration of salts, the purging illustrated inFIG. 4 causes a greater volume of the saline water 22 to be purged. As aresult, the saline level of the water 22 within each tank 28 is reduced.The purging may also occur at predetermined intervals, e.g., after thetanks cycle a predetermined number of times, after a certain amount oftime has passed, etc.

After a portion of the concentrated saline water 22 is purged from thetanks 28, FIG. 5 illustrates the control valves 86, 92, 94, 96, 98, 100,101 being in the respective closed position 104, such that the waterwithin the evaporation dish 65 is heated by solar radiation. Asdescribed previously, rays 48 from the sun 50 contact the top portion 42of each tank 28, causing the water 22 in each tank 28 to become heated.As the water in each tank 28 is heated, vapor 77 forms therein. Sinceall of the flow control valves 86 are in the closed position 104, theair/vapor 52 pressure within the chamber 38 of each tank 28 alsoincreases. Once the sensor 88 senses that the air 52 pressure withineach tank 28 has reached the predetermined threshold, the controller 90signals to move the condensation valves 98 to the open position 102, asillustrated in FIG. 2 and described above. As such, the cycleillustrated in FIGS. 2-5 repeats by returning the purification system 20to the conditions shown in FIG. 2 and proceeding sequentially throughthe conditions illustrated in FIGS. 3-5.

When sediment at the bottom of the system 20 becomes too great, thesediment valves 100, defined at or near a bottom of the tanks 28, may bemoved to the open position 102, as illustrated in FIG. 6. The sedimentwithin each tank 28 flows into the body of water 24, through therespective sediment valves 100. The purification system 20 may beconfigured such that the sediment valves 100 are configured to open atspecific times, specific intervals, and/or based on a measured value ofthe water within the purification system 20. Once the sediment is purgedfrom the chambers 38 of the tanks 28, the system 20 may be returned tothe conditions illustrated in FIG. 1, where the cycle repeats byproceeding sequentially through the conditions illustrated in FIGS. 2-6.

Referring now to FIG. 7, a plan view of one embodiment of an arrangementof the tanks 28 of a purification system 120 is shown. In thisarrangement, 30 tanks 28 may be positioned in a circular arrangement.This circular arrangement maximizes the area taken up by the tanks 28within the body of water 24. The tanks 28 may be tethered to one anothersuch that the tanks 28 remain in the circular arrangement.

Further, with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, one or more reflecting shields106 may be disposed around the tanks 28. The reflecting shields 106 areconfigured to reflect the rays 48 of the sun 50 onto the tanks 28, thusincreasing the heat within each evaporating chamber 38. Increasing theheat within each tank 28 will cause the purification system 120 toproduce potable water 26. In one embodiment, illustrated in FIG. 7, thereflecting shields 106 are arranged to surround a perimeter of thepurification system 20, thus directing the reflected rays 48 of the sun50 inwardly from the perimeter. In another embodiment, illustrated inFIG. 8, at least one reflecting shield 106 surrounds each tank 28 toreflect the rays 48 of the sun 50 toward the respective tank 28.

The detailed description and the drawings or figures are supportive anddescriptive of the invention, but the scope of the invention is definedsolely by the claims. While some of the best modes and other embodimentsfor carrying out the claimed invention have been described in detail,various alternative designs and embodiments exist for practicing theinvention defined in the appended claims.

1. A water purification system configured to operate in a body of watercontaining saline water, the water purification system comprising: afirst tank and a subsequent tank configured to be disposed within thebody of water such that a top portion of each tank is above a water lineof the body of water and a remainder of each tank is submerged beneaththe water line of the body of water; wherein the first tank and thesubsequent tank each define: a chamber configured for holding a volumeof fluid; an inlet opening near a bottom portion, wherein the bottomportion is disposed opposite the top portion; and a vent opening definedin the top portion; a first condensing tube fluidly extending betweenthe vent opening of the first tank and the inlet opening of thesubsequent tank; wherein the first condensing tube is configured toreceive desalinated water vapor from the vent opening of the first tankand condense the water vapor such that a vacuum is created to drawsalinated water from the first tank to mix with the desalinated watervapor, whereby condensed potable water is provided to the subsequenttank through the respective inlet opening; a subsequent condensing tubefluidly extending from the vent opening of the subsequent tank; whereinthe subsequent condensing tube is configured to receive water vapor fromthe vent opening of the subsequent tank such that a vacuum is created todraw salinated water from the subsequent tank to mix with thedesalinated water vapor, whereby condensed potable water is provided;and a condensation valve operatively disposed in each of the first andsubsequent condensing tubes; wherein each condensation valve isconfigured to move between an open position and a closed position;wherein the chamber of each of the first and subsequent tank isconfigured such that a pressure within the respective chamber increasesas the respective condensation valve is in the closed position and watervapor within the respective chamber increases; and wherein the chamberof each of the first and subsequent tank is configured such that thepressure within the respective chamber decreases as the respectivecondensation valve is in the open position and the water vapor exits thechamber under pressure and enters the respective condensing tube.
 2. Awater purification system, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the firstand subsequent condensing tube each include a collection sectionextending from the respective vent opening; and wherein the collectionsection is configured to receive the water vapor from the respectivefirst and subsequent tank.
 3. A water purification system, as set forthin claim 2, wherein the first condensing tube includes a condensingsection; wherein the condensing section extends between the inletopening of the subsequent tank and the collection section; wherein thecondensing section is configured to condense the water vapor received inthe respective collection section such that condensed potable water isprovided to the subsequent tank through the respective inlet opening. 4.A water purification system, as set forth in claim 3, further comprisingan intake valve operatively disposed in the inlet opening of the firsttank; wherein the intake valve is configured to move between an openposition and a closed position; wherein saline water is permitted toenter the chamber of the first tank through the inlet opening when theintake valve is in the open position; and wherein saline water isprevented from entering the chamber of the first tank through the inletopening when the intake valve is in the closed position.
 5. A waterpurification system, as set forth in claim 4, wherein the first tankdefines an outlet opening near the bottom portion; wherein the firstcondensing tube includes a flow section fluidly extending between thevent opening, the condensing section, and the inlet opening of thesubsequent tank.
 6. A water purification system, as set forth in claim5, further comprising an outlet valve operatively disposed in the outletopening of the first tank; wherein the outlet valve is configured tomove between an open position and a closed position; wherein water isconfigured to flow from the first tank into the first condensing tubethrough the outlet opening when the outlet valve is in the openposition; and wherein water from the first tank is prevented fromentering the condensing tube through the outlet opening when the outletvalve is in the closed position.
 7. A water purification system, as setforth in claim 6, further comprising: a purge line fluidly extendingfrom each of the first chamber and the second chamber; wherein eachpurge line is configured to be in fluid communication with the body ofwater; a purge valve operatively disposed in each of the purge lines;wherein the purge valves are configured to move between an open positionand a closed position; wherein water is configured to flow from the tankto the body of water when the purge valve is in the open position; andwherein water is prevented from flowing from the tank to the body ofwater when the purge valve is in the closed position.
 8. A waterpurification system, as set forth in claim 7, wherein the purge linesare formed of a flexible material configured to float in the waterwithin the respective tank.
 9. A water purification system, as set forthin claim 7, further comprising at least one sensor configured to beoperatively connected to the chamber of each of the first and subsequenttank; wherein the at least one sensor is configured to sense a valuewithin at least one of the chambers.
 10. A water purification system, asset forth in claim 9, further comprising a controller operativelyconnected to the at least one sensor and to at least one of thecondensation valve, the intake valve, the outlet valve, and the purgevalve; wherein the controller is configured to send a signal to move theat least one of the condensation valve, the intake valve, the outletvalve, and the purge valve to a desired one of the open position and theclosed position.
 11. A water purification system, as set forth in claim2, further comprising a reservoir configured to receive potable waterfrom the subsequent condensing tube.
 12. A water purification system, asset forth in claim 9, wherein the subsequent tank is further defined asa last tank and the subsequent condensing tube is further defined as alast condensing tube, wherein the water purification system furthercomprises: an intermediate tank configured to be disposed within thebody of water such that a top portion of the intermediate tank is abovea water line of the body of water and a remainder of the intermediatetank is submerged beneath the water line of the body of water; whereinthe intermediate tank is operatively disposed between the first tank andthe subsequent tank; wherein the intermediate tank defines: a chamberconfigured for holding a volume of fluid; an inlet opening near a bottomportion; and a vent opening defined in the top portion; a firstcondensing tube fluidly extending between the vent opening of the firsttank and the inlet opening of the intermediate tank; wherein the firstcondensing tube is configured to receive desalinated water vapor fromthe vent opening of the first tank and condense the water vapor suchthat a vacuum is created to draw salinated water from the first tank tomix with the desalinated water vapor, whereby condensed potable water isprovided to the intermediate tank through the respective inlet opening;an intermediate condensing tube fluidly extending between the ventopening of the intermediate tank and the inlet opening of the subsequenttank; wherein the intermediate condensing tube is configured to receivewater vapor from the vent opening of the intermediate tank such that avacuum is created to draw salinated water from the intermediate tank tomix with the desalinated water vapor, whereby condensed potable water isprovided to the subsequent tank through the respective inlet opening; acondensation valve operatively disposed in each of the first,intermediate, and subsequent condensing tubes; wherein each condensationvalve is configured to move between an open position and a closedposition; wherein the chamber of each of the first, intermediate, andsubsequent tanks is configured such that a pressure within therespective chamber increases as the respective condensation valve is inthe closed position and the water vapor within the respective chamberincreases; and wherein the chamber of each of the first, intermediate,and subsequent tanks is configured such that the pressure within therespective chamber decreases as the respective condensation valve is inthe open position and the water vapor exits the chamber under pressureand enters the respective condensing tube.
 13. A water purificationsystem, as set forth in claim 1, further comprising a filter disposed influid communication with the intake line; wherein the filter isconfigured to prevent objects from entering the chamber from the body ofwater.
 14. A water purification system, as set forth in claim 10,further comprising a decontamination device operatively disposed on theinlet intake line; wherein the decontamination device is configured tokill living organisms contained in the incoming saline water.
 15. Amethod of desalinating saline water from a body of water, the methodcomprising: filling chambers of a plurality of tanks with a volume ofsaline water; heating the saline water to increase a pressure andproduce water vapor within the chamber of each tanks; moving acondensation valve to an open position such that the water vapor isreleased into a respective condensing tube; and condensing the watervapor to provide potable water.
 16. A method, as set forth in claim 15,wherein moving a condensation valve to an open position is furtherdefined as moving a condensation valve to an open position such that thewater vapor is released into a respective condensing tube as all othervalves are in a closed position.
 17. A method, as set forth in claim 16,further comprising: moving the condensation valve to a closed position;moving an outlet valve of at least one of the tanks to an open positionwhen the condensation valve is in the closed position such that waterfrom the at least one of the tanks flows to a subsequent tank throughthe respective condensing tube.
 18. A method, as set forth in claim 17,further comprising: moving the outlet valve to a closed position; andmoving a purge valve to an open position when the outlet valve is in theclosed position such that water from the at least one of the tanks flowsto at least one of the body of water and a preceding tank.
 19. A method,as set forth in claim 18, further comprising: sensing a value in atleast one of the tanks; and moving the outlet valve, the purge valve andthe condensation valve to one of the open position and the closedposition as a function of the sensed value.
 20. A water purificationsystem configured to operate in a body of water containing saline water,the water purification system comprising: a first tank and a subsequenttank configured to be disposed within the body of water such that a topportion of each tank is above a water line of the body of water and aremainder of each tank is submerged beneath the water line of the bodyof water; wherein the first tank and the subsequent tank each define: achamber configured for holding a volume of fluid; an inlet opening neara bottom portion, wherein the bottom portion is disposed opposite thetop portion; and a vent opening defined in the top portion; a firstcondensing tube fluidly extending between the vent opening of the firsttank and the inlet opening of the subsequent tank; wherein the firstcondensing tube is configured to receive water vapor from the ventopening of the first tank and condense the water vapor such thatcondensed potable water is provided to the subsequent tank through therespective inlet opening; a subsequent condensing tube fluidly extendingfrom the vent opening of the subsequent tank; wherein the subsequentcondensing tube is configured to receive water vapor from the ventopening of the subsequent tank and condense the water vapor such thatcondensed potable water is provided; a condensation valve operativelydisposed in each of the first and subsequent condensing tubes; whereinthe condensation valves are configured to move between an open positionand a closed position; wherein the chamber of each of the first andsubsequent tank is configured such that a pressure within the respectivechamber increases as the respective condensation valve is in the closedposition and water vapor within the respective chamber increases; andwherein the chamber of each of the first and subsequent tank isconfigured such that the pressure within the respective chamberdecreases as the respective condensation valve is in the open positionand the water vapor exits the chamber under pressure and enters therespective condensing tube; at least one sensor configured to beoperatively connected to the chamber of each of the first and subsequenttank; wherein the at least one sensor is configured to sense a valuewithin at least one of the chambers; and a controller operativelyconnected to the at least one sensor and the condensation valves;wherein the controller is configured to send a signal to move thecondensation valves to a desired one of the open position and the closedposition.